The Cuban government’s legal framework for controlling religious activity extends state authority over virtually all worship and practice, and religious leaders and communities continually face threats and harassment. The government criminalizes and heavily persecutes unregistered religious groups, and it continues to wrongfully imprison religious leaders while denying prisoners their religious freedom rights across the prison system. 

Religious freedom conditions in Azerbaijan are poor. Authorities detain Shi’a Muslims whose religious practice falls outside the government's preferred interpretation of Islam, and they reportedly subject detainees to mistreatment. Azerbaijan’s religion law mandates strict state oversight of religious practice. Ongoing repression of independent civil society limits reporting on religious freedom violations, and historic Armenian religious sites in Nagorno-Karabakh remain at risk of destruction. 

Religious freedom in Vietnam remains poor as the government regulates and controls religious affairs through state-sponsored organizations. Authorities routinely detain, arrest, imprison, and torture religious freedom advocates and members of unrecognized religious groups that seek to operate independent of state control. Various independent religious groups such as Cao Dai, Hoa Hao Buddhists, Khmer Krom Buddhists, and Hmong and Montagnard Christians continue to suffer under this persecution.