Religious freedom conditions in Iran are particularly severe. The government invokes its own interpretation of Islam to deny religious freedom to citizens who dissent through peaceful protest, including women and girls who oppose mandatory hijab policies. It also systematically targets religious minorities - including Baha’is, Christians, Jews, and Sunni Muslims - and it has intensified its religious crackdown amid ongoing internal strife and regional conflicts. 

The government in Eritrea systematically persecutes individuals for their faith and only permits four recognized religions to register. The government continues to imprison hundreds of Christians and dozens of Jehovah's Witnesses, many of whom face violence – including torture – and harsh prison conditions without access to adequate health care. Government officers apprehend religious conscientious objectors and hold them in military camps indefinitely where they endure various punishments. 

Religious freedom conditions in Egypt are poor. Baha'is, Jehovah’s Witnesses, and other religious minorities are unable to gain official recognition, impairing their ability to participate in civic life. Coptic Christians, Jews, nonbelievers, and other religious minorities remain subject to various forms of discrimination from the government and society. State enforcement of blasphemy and cybercrimes laws also remain key tools of systematic FoRB repression.