Extra Bio Info:

Surendra Gadling is detained for religious freedom advocacy.

In June 2018, police in Maharashtra arrested Gadling, a human rights lawyer known for defending Dalits and Adivasis, marginalized communities under India's religiously-based caste system. Authorities accused Gadling of inciting caste-based violence through speeches in December 2017 and charged him with "promoting enmity on grounds of religion," (Sec. 153A IPC), waging war against the state (Sec. 121A IPC), sedition (Sec. 124A IPC), and other crimes under the the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA). Authorities confined him at Taloja Central Jail, Navi Mumbai.

During detention, Gadling's health has deteriorated, and authorities have denied him adequate medical care for his hypertension, diabetes, cervical spondylitis, and other ailments.

Extra Bio Info:

Shoma Sen was detained for her human rights and civil rights work for marginalized religious communities.

On June 6, 2018, police in Maharashtra arrested several prominent Dalit and Adivasi rights activists, including Sen, the head of the English literature department at Nagpur University. Authorities accused Sen and others of inciting caste-based violence through speeches on December 31, 2017, that resulted in violent clashes the next day in Bhima Koregaon and neighboring villages in Maharashtra.  Authorities also accused them of having ties to banned Maoist groups. Sen was reportedly charged under various sections of the Penal Code and Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act (UAPA).

On October 5, 2018, several UN human rights experts expressed concern that the charges against Sen and other activists in the case are “being used to silence human rights defenders who promote and protect the rights of India’s Dalit, indigenous, and tribal communities.”

On February 14, 2020, Sen’s case was transferred from Pune, Maharashtra, to a special National Investigation Agency court in Mumbai.

In August 2021, the National Investigation Agency submitted draft charges to a special court in Mumbai, claiming that Sen and others accused in the case were active members of the banned terrorist organization Communist Party of India. It also alleged that the accused wanted to establish a “janta sarkar” “via revolution supported by a commitment to protracted armed struggle to undermine and to seize power from the state.” The accused were charged with over a dozen offenses including, "promoting enmity between different groups on grounds of religion, race, place of birth, residence, language, etc., and doing acts prejudicial to maintenance of harmony" (Sec. 153A IPC), public mischief (Sec. 505(1)(B) IPC), “waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war, against the Government of India” (Sec. 121 IPC), “conspiracy to commit offences” waging war against the state (Sec. 121A IPC), sedition (Sec. 124A IPC), and several sections under UAPA.

On September 21, 2021, a court rejected Sen’s application for interim bail for medical reasons.

In April 2024, Shoma Sen was released.

Sen suffers from hypertension, high blood pressure, and other ailments, which worsened in prison due to a lack of medical and preventative care. 

Extra Bio Info:

Liu Honggeng is imprisoned for his religious leadership role and for practicing his religion without state-approval.

On May 7, 2015, authorities in Baoding city, Hebei province, detained Liu, a priest at an underground church in Baoding, reportedly to "prevent pilgrimages to his church." Liu was also the vice rector of Our Lady Queen of China shrine in Baoding. Liu's current whereabouts are unknown.

Liu was previously imprisoned between December 2006 and August 2014 after authorities detained him and eight other unofficial priests reportedly for gathering to pray and study during the Christmas season.