Religious freedom conditions in Azerbaijan are poor. Authorities detain Shi’a Muslims whose religious practice falls outside the government's preferred interpretation of Islam, and they reportedly subject detainees to mistreatment. Azerbaijan’s religion law mandates strict state oversight of religious practice. Ongoing repression of independent civil society limits reporting on religious freedom violations, and historic Armenian religious sites in Nagorno-Karabakh remain at risk of destruction. 

Religious freedom in Vietnam remains poor as the government regulates and controls religious affairs through state-sponsored organizations. Authorities routinely detain, arrest, imprison, and torture religious freedom advocates and members of unrecognized religious groups that seek to operate independent of state control. Various independent religious groups such as Cao Dai, Hoa Hao Buddhists, Khmer Krom Buddhists, and Hmong and Montagnard Christians continue to suffer under this persecution. 

Religious freedom conditions in Uzbekistan continue to deteriorate as the government retreats from previous reforms. Authorities have increasingly invoked an expanding and restrictive legal framework to target Muslims who deviate from the state’s preferred interpretation of Islam as well as members of other religious groups. The state routinely penalizes peaceful activities, including religious expression and education, through detention, fines, and prison sentences.