Additional Name(s): إسراء الغمغام
Gender: Female
Current Location: General Intelligence Prison, Dhamam
Perpetrator: Saudi Arabia
Ethnic Group: Arab
Religion or Belief: Muslim – Shi'a
Reports of Torture: Yes
Reports of Medical Neglect: No
Appeal: Increased to 13 Years' Imprisonment
Sentence: Originally 8 Years' Imprisonment
Date of Detainment: December/6/2015
Date of Sentencing: February/10/2021
Current Status: Not Released
Religious Leader: No
Most Recent Type of Abuse: Imprisonment
Reason for Persecution: Online Activity Protesting Religious Freedom Conditions Religious Identity
Nature of Charges: Illegal Assembly Incitement to Commit Crime & Violence Terrorism
Israa al-Ghomgham is imprisoned for her religious identity and protesting religious discrimination.
On December 6, 2015, al-Ghomgham, a well-known Shi'a activist, was arrested alongside her husband, Moussa al-Hashim, after they participated in 2015 protests against the state's treatment of Shi'a citizens. Al-Ghomgham was reportedly denied access to a lawyer during the early stages of her detention. The Gulf Centre for Human Rights says that al-Ghomgham made allegations of mistreatment during this same time.
On August 6, 2018, al-Ghomgham's trial reportedly began in front of the Specialized Criminal Court. According to Human Rights Watch, she was charged with several criminal offenses, including “participating in protests in the Qatif region,” “incitement to protest,” “chanting slogans hostile to the regime,” “attempting to inflame public opinion,” “filming protests and publishing on social media,” and “providing moral support to rioters.” Prosecutors reportedly pushed for al-Ghomgham's execution.
On October 12, 2018, the office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights called for al-Ghomgham's release, saying that the charges against her "appear to lack legal bases" and that she has "had no legal representation during her trial." It also expressed concerns that al-Ghomgham's prosecution is "motivated by the fact that she belongs to Saudi Arabia’s Shia minority."
On February 10, 2021, the Specialized Criminal Court sentenced al-Ghomgham to eight years in prison followed by an eight year travel ban.
In October 2022, it was reported that an appeals court increased al-Ghomgham's sentence by five years, making it 13 years in prison.
Related Cases: Mousa al-Hashim, Mujtaba al-Muzain, Ali al-Ouwaisher, Khaled al-Ghanim, Ahmed al-Matrood
Photo used with permission from MENA Rights Group
USCIRF Country Update: Religious Freedom Conditions in Saudi Arabia December 2022
European Saudi Organisation for Human Rights, Tweet, October 13, 2022
"Saudi human rights defender Israa Al Ghomgham sentenced to eight years in prison" MENA Rights Group
"Saudi Arabia: Peaceful WHRD Israa Al-Ghomgham sentenced to 8 years in prison" Gulf Centre for Human Rights
2020 Report on International Religious Freedom: Saudi Arabia U.S. Department of State
"Saudi Arabia: 'Relief' at withdrawal of death penalty against female activist" Amnesty International
"Saudi Arabia must immediately release all women’s rights defenders, say UN experts" United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner
"Saudi Prosecution Seeks Death Penalty for Female Activist" Human Rights Watch