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Raif Badawi was imprisoned for his religious freedom advoacy, expression about religion, and for criticizing religious authorities.
In June 2012, authorities arrested Badawi, a…
Golrokh Ebrahimi Iraee is imprisoned for her activism and criticism of state-endorsed religious interpretations.
On September 26, 2022, authorities arrested Iraee from her home in…
Mohammad bin Hassan al-Habib is imprisoned for his religious expression, leadership role, and religious freedom advocacy.
In July 2016, authorities detained al-Habib, a Shi'a cleric, as he…
Junaid Hafeez is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In March 2013, authorities arrested Hafeez, a lecturer…
Ramesh Kumar was detained for blasphemy.
On May 27, 2019, authorities arrested Kumar, a veterinarian, after he was accused of using Qur'anic text to wrap his medicine deliveries. …
Shafqat Emmanuel was imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In July 2013, authorities arrested Emmanuel and his wife, Shagufta Kausar, for allegedly sending blasphemous texts.…
Shagufta Kausar was imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In July 2013, authorities Kausar and her husband, Shafqat Emmanuel, for allegedly sending blasphemous texts. The…
Asif Masih is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2017, authorities arrested 16-year-old Masih after he was accused of setting a Qur'an and another religious booklet on fire. A mob…
Lei Xiuxiang was imprisoned for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
In July 2015, authorities arrested Lei for sending a letter to a high-ranking former official, protesting…
Annamurad Atdaev is imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
In September 2016, authorities arrested Atdaev when he returned to Turkmenistan from Egypt, where he had been studying…
Abdughappar Abdurusul is detained for his religious activity and ethnoreligious identity.
In July 2018, authorities in Ghulja (Yining) city, Ili (Yili) Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture,…
Hebibulla Tohti is imprisoned for his religious scholarship and ethnoreligious identity.
In March 2017, security personnel in Urumqi municipality, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (…
Buzeynep Abdureshit is imprisoned for her study abroad and ethnoreligious identity.
On March 29, 2017, public security officials in Urumqi municipality, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous…
Turnisa Metomur is imprisoned for her ethnoreligious identity.
In September 2016, authorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) detained Metomur after…
Qurbanjan Turdibaqi is imprisoned for his ethnoreligious identity.
In January 2017, authorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) detained Turdibaqi after…
Imran Ghafur Masih was imprisoned for blasphemy.
On July 1, 2009, authorities arrested Masih after he was accused of burning a Qur'an. Following the accusation, a mob attacked Masih…
Humayun Faisal was detained for blasphemy.
On May 24, 2015, authorities arrested Faisal after he was accused of burning newspapers containing Qur'anic texts on them. Faisal was reportedly…
Yaqoob Bashir Masih is imprisoned for alleged blasphemy.
In June 2015, authorities arrested Masih after he was accused of burning a booklet containing Qur'an text and was harmed by a mob.…
Asif Stephen was detained for blasphemy.
On August 12, 2017, authorities arrested Stephen - a minor at the time - after he was accused of burning pages of the Qur'an. A mob…
Saleem Masih was detained for blasphemy.
On June 15, 2019, authorities arrested Masih after a relative accused him of burning pages of the Qur'an. He was reportedly charged with "…
Shahbaz Masih was detained for blasphemy.
On December 27, 2019, authorities arrested Masih and his friend, Muhammad Ishaq, and charged them with "desecrating the Qur'an" (Sec. 295-B PPC).…
David Masih is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2020, authorities in Nowshera arrested Masih after pages torn from the Qur'an were discovered in a nearby drain. Authorities…
Helil Hashim is imprisoned for his ethnoreligious identity.
In 2018, authorities in Ghulja (Yining) city, Ili (Yili) Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (…
Abdulletip Abdurahman was imprisoned for travel-related reasons and his ethnoreligious identity.
In 2017, public security officials in Qaraqash (Moyu) county, Hotan (Hetian) prefecture,…
Abuzer Abdughappar is detained for his ethnoreligious identity.
In 2017, authorities detained Abdughappar after returning to China from studying in Turkey. Abdughappar's detention…
Nurmemet Hajim is detained for his ethnoreligious identity.
In December 2017, authorities in Beijing detained Haijm, who had studied at an Urumqi Islamic institute and abroad in Egypt…
Hassan Farhan al-Maliki is detained for his religious expression and religious freedom advocacy.
In September 2017, authorities arrested al-Maliki, an…
Zhang Xia was imprisoned for her religious activity.
On March 15, 2016, police in Dalian municipality, Liaoning province detained Zhang and later raided her home, confiscating her…
Jiang Wei is imprisoned for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On November 9, 2015, authorities detained Jiang after she sued former Chinese government official Jiang Zemin over his…
Elijan Mamut is detained for his ethnoreligious identity.
In May 2017, authorities detained Mamut, a businessman, reportedly for his trips abroad and his money transfers to his daughters…
Salman al-Ouda is detained for his religious activity and leadership role.
In September 2017, police arrested al-Ouda, a sheikh and Islamic scholar, from his home amid a state-wide wave…
Mariyum Lal was detained for blasphemy.
On April 9, 2021, authorities arrested Lal, who is a nurse, and her coworker, Newsh Arooj, after an incident at their workplace. According to…
Newsh Arooj was detained for blasphemy.
On April 9, 2021, authorities arrested Arooj, who is a nurse, and her coworker, Mariyum Lal, after an incident at their workplace. According to…
Asif Pervaiz is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In October 2013, authorities arrested Pervaiz after a coworker accused him of sending blasphemous text messages.…
Salekh Magamadov is imprisoned in relation to state-imposition of a particular religious interpretation.
On February 4, 2021, Magamadov and Magamadov's sibling, Ismail Isaev, -…
Ismail Isaev is imprisoned in relation to state-imposition of a particular religious interpretation.
On February 4, 2021, Isaev and Isaev's sibling, Salekh Magamadov, - two…
Anas Hassan was imprisoned for his alleged atheistic activity.
In August 2019, authorities arrested Hassan for allegedly running the Facebook page, "The Egyptian Atheists," and charged him…
Shiraz Ahmad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In February 2021, authorities arrested Ahmad after he was accused of creating an Ahmadiyya online group and sharing content in it.…
Muhammad Ishaq was detained for blasphemy.
On December 27, 2019, authorities arrested Ishaq and his friend, Shahbaz Masih, and charged them with "desecrating the Qur'an" (Sec. 295-B PPC).…
Salamat Mansha Masih was detained for blasphemy.
On February 13, 2021, authorities arrested Masih and charged him with "intending to outrage religious feelings" (Sec. 295-A PPC), "…
Fazilhoja Arifhojaev is under house arrest for his religious expression.
On June 28, 2021, authorities arrested Arifhojaev, a blogger known for his criticism of the government's religious…
Malik Zaheer Ahmad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In September 2020, authorities arrested Ahmad after he was accused of blasphemy. In February 2021, after he was granted bail,…
Rohan Ahmad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In May 2020, authorities arrested Ahmad after he was accused of sharing on WhatsApp religious content deemed blasphemous. Authorities…
Hafiz Tariq Shehzad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In September 2020, authorities arrested Shehzad after accusing him of sharing perceived blasphemous materials. Authorities charged…
Movsum Samadov was imprisoned for criticizing religious freedom conditions and for his political activity.
On January 7, 2011, authorities arrested Samadov, head of the Islamic Party…
Abqul Suleymanov was imprisoned for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On August 12, 2011, authorities arrested Suleymanov, a religious figure, for allegedly creating an extremist…
Muhammad Hashmi is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Hashmi after his bail was revoked. He was initially arrested on June 20, 2019, after he was…
Danish Ali was detained for blasphemy.
On an unspecified date, authorities arrested Ali after he was accused of insulting to the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad during an argument with his…
Shohida Mamadjonova was imprisoned for her religious association.
In February 2022, authorities forcibly disappeared Mamadjonova, the mother of religious freedom advocate Sherzod …
Muhammad Akbar is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In 2019, authorities arrested Akbar after he was accused of burning papers containing Qur'anic texts. The accusations were spurred after…
Hidme Markam was detained for her advocacy work to protect religious sites.
On March 9, 2021, authorities arrested Markam, an Adivasi Indigenous activist known for criticizing state…
Go Sherab Gyatso is imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
On October 26, 2020, authorities arrested Sherab Gyatso - a Tibetan monk, religious philosopher, and advocate of a…
Rinchen Tsultrim was imprisoned for criticizing state policies restricting religious freedom.
On August 1, 2019, security officials in Ngaba (Aba) County, Ngaba (Aba) Tibetan &…
Doni Irawan Malay is imprisoned for blasphemy.
On August 4, 2020, a court in Medan sentenced Malay to three years in prison for “insulting a religion" or "preventing a person from adhering…
Qaiser Zada is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Zada after Zada was accused of burning a copy of the Qur'an and beaten by a mob. Authorities charged Zada…
Asif Fareed is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Fareed and his brother, Abdullah Fareed, after they were accused of burning pieces of the Qur'an and…
Abdullah Fareed is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Fareed and his brother, Asif Fareed, after they were accused of burning pieces of the Qur'an and…
Farid Zirgi Moghaddam is imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
In August 2019, intelligence agents detained Moghaddam in Birjand reportedly in relation to posts he made about…
Gedun Lhundrub is detained in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On December 2, 2020, police in Rebgong (Tongren) county, Malho (Huangnan) Tibetan Autonomous…
Lhundrub Dragpa is imprisoned in relation to criticizing government policies impacting religious freedom.
In May 2019, public security officials in Driru (Biru) county, Nagchu (Naqu)…
Lina Alsharif was detained in relation to religious freedom advocacy.
In May 2021, officials from the Saudi Presidency of State Security raided Alsharif’s home in Riyadh, arrested her, and…
Asmaa al-Subaie is detained for her women’s rights activism critical of state-imposed religious systems.
In June 2021, authorities affiliated with the Presidency of State Security arrested…
Omar Abdullah al-Saadoun is detained for her religious freedom advocacy.
In July 2021, authorities arrested Omar Abdullah al-Saadoun, a cleric and legal advisor, after he wrote an article…
Abdulrahman Al-Sadhan is imprisoned for his religious expression.
In March 2018, security agents from the Presidency of State Security arrested Al-Sadhan for operating two anonymous…
Gokarakonda Naga Saibaba was imprisoned for criticizing state violence against religious and marginalized communities.
On May 9, 2014, plain clothed police officers in Delhi arrested…
Rolando Álvarez was imprisoned for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented Álvarez, bishop of the Matagalpa diocese, from leaving his home to perform…
Salma al-Shehab was imprisoned for her women's rights activism opposing state-imposed religious systems as well as her religious identity.
On January 15, 2021, authorities arrested al-…
Ashok Kumar is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2022, police in Hyderabad arrested Kumar, a sanitation worker, after he was accused of burning a Qur'an. A first information report (…
Ramiro Tijerino was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Tijerino, a priest, from leaving the…
Sadiel Eugarrios was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Eugarrios, a priest, from leaving…
Raúl Antonio Vega was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Antonio Vega, a deacon, from…
José Luis Díaz was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Luis Díaz, a priest, from leaving the…
Darvin Leiva was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Leiva, a seminarian, from leaving…
Melkin Sequeira was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Sequeira, a seminarian, from leaving…
Sergio Cárdenas was imprisoned in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On August 4, 2022, police prevented several people, including Cárdenas, a cameraman, from…
Jagtar Singh Johal is detained for his religious belief and religious freedom advocacy.
In November 2017, over a dozen plainclothes officers arrested Jagtar Johal, a Sikh activist and…
Bian Changxue is imprisoned for his religious activity.
On January 5, 2016, authorities in Yutian county, Tangshan municipality, Hebei province,…
Shamkhal Eyvazov was detained for his religious activity.
In April 2018, customs officials arrested Eyvazov, a member of the Muslim Unity Movement (MUM), and his brother, Migdad Eyvazov,…
Javed Mohammed is detained for his religious expression and religious freedom advocacy.
In June 2022, police in Uttar Pradesh arrested Mohammed, a well-known Muslim activist, after accusing…
Cepdika Eka Rismana is imprisoned for blasphemy.
On May 5, 2022, police in West Java province arrested Rismana after a video of him stepping on a Qur'an went viral. Authorities…
Cui Haoxin is detained for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On January 14, 2020, authorities in Ji’nan municipality, Shandong province, detained Cui, a religious poet,…
Ma Like is detained for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
In April 2017, authorities in Kashgar prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR), detained Ma reportedly…
Zhang Chenghao was imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
On November 21, 2021, authorities from Fenyang city, Luliang municipality, Shanxi province, reportedly detained Zhang,…
An Yankui was imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
On November 21, 2021, authorities from Fenyang city, Luliang municipality, Shanxi province, reportedly detained An, a…
Enrique Martínez was detained for his religious leadership role.
On October 13, 2022, authorities reportedly violently arrested Martínez, the parish priest of St. Martha’s Church in…
Abdolhamid Masoumi Tehrani was detained in relation to criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On October 16, 2022, authorities in Tehran reportedly arrested Tehrani, an ayatollah…
Hani Gibran was detained for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On June 4, 2022, police arrested Gibran after he posted about the targeting of the Coptic Christian community on…
Oscar Benavidez was imprisoned for criticizing religious freedom conditions.
On August 14, 2022, authorities reportedly arrested Benavidez, a priest, after he performed mass. …
Tulkun Astanov is imprisoned for his religious freedom advocacy and for protesting religious freedom conditions.
On November 22, 2020, authorities arrested Astanov, a religious…
Gratia Pello was imprisoned for his religious expression.
In December 2022, authorities in Surabaya, East Java, reportedly arrested Pello, a professor at a Christian theological school…
Ishtiaq Saleem is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In November 2022, authorities in Islamabad arrested Saleem after he was accused of sharing content deemed blasphemous on social media.…
Anwar Kenneth was imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In 2001, authorities reportedly arrested Kenneth after he was accused of writing letters perceived as blasphemous towards…
Manahel al-Otaibi is imprisoned for her religious freedom advocacy.
In November 2022, Saudi authorities arrested al-Otaibi, an online fitness influencer, for opposing religiously grounded…
Alijon Mirganiyev is imprisoned for his religious activities.
On June 22, 2022, authorities detained Mirganiyev at Tashkent Airport and accused him of participating in a banned "…
Jaime Iván Montesinos Sauceda was detained in relation to criticism of religious freedom conditions.
On May 23, 2023, police arrested Montesinos Sauceda, the parish priest of San Juan…
Eugenio Rodríguez Benavides is detained in relation to his religious beliefs and activities.
On May 20, 2023, police arrested Rodríguez Benavides, parish priest of Divina…
Leonardo Guevara Gutiérrez was detained in relation to his religious beliefs and activities.
On May 22, 2023, police arrested Guevara Gutiérrez, parish priest of Estelí…
Fatemeh Sepehri is imprisoned for criticizing state-imposed religious policies.
On September 21, 2022, security forces arrested Sepehri following the outbreak of nationwide…