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Raif Badawi was imprisoned for his religious freedom advoacy, expression about religion, and for criticizing religious authorities.
In June 2012, authorities arrested Badawi, a…
Golrokh Ebrahimi Iraee is imprisoned for her activism and criticism of state-endorsed religious interpretations.
On September 26, 2022, authorities arrested Iraee from her home in…
Ahmad al-Shamri is imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In 2014, authorities arrested al-Shamri, accused him of using social media to insult or renounce Islam, and charged him…
Junaid Hafeez is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In March 2013, authorities arrested Hafeez, a lecturer…
Ramesh Kumar was detained for blasphemy.
On May 27, 2019, authorities arrested Kumar, a veterinarian, after he was accused of using Qur'anic text to wrap his medicine deliveries. …
Shafqat Emmanuel was imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In July 2013, authorities arrested Emmanuel and his wife, Shagufta Kausar, for allegedly sending blasphemous texts.…
Shagufta Kausar was imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In July 2013, authorities Kausar and her husband, Shafqat Emmanuel, for allegedly sending blasphemous texts. The…
Asif Masih is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2017, authorities arrested 16-year-old Masih after he was accused of setting a Qur'an and another religious booklet on fire. A mob…
Mubarak Bala was imprisoned for exercising his freedom of belief.
On April 28, 2020, Kaduna State police arrested Bala, president of the Humanist Association of Nigeria, from…
Annamurad Atdaev is imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
In September 2016, authorities arrested Atdaev when he returned to Turkmenistan from Egypt, where he had been studying…
Abdughappar Abdurusul is detained for his religious activity and ethnoreligious identity.
In July 2018, authorities in Ghulja (Yining) city, Ili (Yili) Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture,…
Hebibulla Tohti is imprisoned for his religious scholarship and ethnoreligious identity.
In March 2017, security personnel in Urumqi municipality, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (…
Buzeynep Abdureshit is imprisoned for her study abroad and ethnoreligious identity.
On March 29, 2017, public security officials in Urumqi municipality, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous…
Turnisa Metomur is imprisoned for her ethnoreligious identity.
In September 2016, authorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) detained Metomur after…
Qurbanjan Turdibaqi is imprisoned for his ethnoreligious identity.
In January 2017, authorities in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (XUAR) detained Turdibaqi after…
Imran Ghafur Masih was imprisoned for blasphemy.
On July 1, 2009, authorities arrested Masih after he was accused of burning a Qur'an. Following the accusation, a mob attacked Masih…
Humayun Faisal was detained for blasphemy.
On May 24, 2015, authorities arrested Faisal after he was accused of burning newspapers containing Qur'anic texts on them. Faisal was reportedly…
Yaqoob Bashir Masih is imprisoned for alleged blasphemy.
In June 2015, authorities arrested Masih after he was accused of burning a booklet containing Qur'an text and was harmed by a mob.…
Asif Stephen was detained for blasphemy.
On August 12, 2017, authorities arrested Stephen - a minor at the time - after he was accused of burning pages of the Qur'an. A mob…
Saleem Masih was detained for blasphemy.
On June 15, 2019, authorities arrested Masih after a relative accused him of burning pages of the Qur'an. He was reportedly charged with "…
Shahbaz Masih was detained for blasphemy.
On December 27, 2019, authorities arrested Masih and his friend, Muhammad Ishaq, and charged them with "desecrating the Qur'an" (Sec. 295-B PPC).…
David Masih is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2020, authorities in Nowshera arrested Masih after pages torn from the Qur'an were discovered in a nearby drain. Authorities…
Helil Hashim is imprisoned for his ethnoreligious identity.
In 2018, authorities in Ghulja (Yining) city, Ili (Yili) Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (…
Abdulletip Abdurahman was imprisoned for travel-related reasons and his ethnoreligious identity.
In 2017, public security officials in Qaraqash (Moyu) county, Hotan (Hetian) prefecture,…
Abuzer Abdughappar is detained for his ethnoreligious identity.
In 2017, authorities detained Abdughappar after returning to China from studying in Turkey. Abdughappar's detention…
Nurmemet Hajim is detained for his ethnoreligious identity.
In December 2017, authorities in Beijing detained Haijm, who had studied at an Urumqi Islamic institute and abroad in Egypt…
Hamid Soudad was imprisoned for his expression about religion.
On January 20, 2021, Soudad was arrested for insulting Islam and the Prophet Muhammad reportedly…
Elijan Mamut is detained for his ethnoreligious identity.
In May 2017, authorities detained Mamut, a businessman, reportedly for his trips abroad and his money transfers to his daughters…
Mariyum Lal was detained for blasphemy.
On April 9, 2021, authorities arrested Lal, who is a nurse, and her coworker, Newsh Arooj, after an incident at their workplace. According to…
Newsh Arooj was detained for blasphemy.
On April 9, 2021, authorities arrested Arooj, who is a nurse, and her coworker, Mariyum Lal, after an incident at their workplace. According to…
Asif Pervaiz is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In October 2013, authorities arrested Pervaiz after a coworker accused him of sending blasphemous text messages.…
Anas Hassan was imprisoned for his alleged atheistic activity.
In August 2019, authorities arrested Hassan for allegedly running the Facebook page, "The Egyptian Atheists," and charged him…
Shiraz Ahmad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In February 2021, authorities arrested Ahmad after he was accused of creating an Ahmadiyya online group and sharing content in it.…
Ali Aboluhom is imprisoned for his religious expression.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Aboluhom for allegedly expressing ideas about atheism online. Prosecutors charged him with…
Muhammad Ishaq was detained for blasphemy.
On December 27, 2019, authorities arrested Ishaq and his friend, Shahbaz Masih, and charged them with "desecrating the Qur'an" (Sec. 295-B PPC).…
Salamat Mansha Masih was detained for blasphemy.
On February 13, 2021, authorities arrested Masih and charged him with "intending to outrage religious feelings" (Sec. 295-A PPC), "…
Malik Zaheer Ahmad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In September 2020, authorities arrested Ahmad after he was accused of blasphemy. In February 2021, after he was granted bail,…
Rohan Ahmad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In May 2020, authorities arrested Ahmad after he was accused of sharing on WhatsApp religious content deemed blasphemous. Authorities…
Hafiz Tariq Shehzad is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In September 2020, authorities arrested Shehzad after accusing him of sharing perceived blasphemous materials. Authorities charged…
Muhammad Hashmi is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Hashmi after his bail was revoked. He was initially arrested on June 20, 2019, after he was…
Danish Ali was detained for blasphemy.
On an unspecified date, authorities arrested Ali after he was accused of insulting to the Qur’an and the Prophet Muhammad during an argument with his…
Muhammad Akbar is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In 2019, authorities arrested Akbar after he was accused of burning papers containing Qur'anic texts. The accusations were spurred after…
Paruru Daeng Tau is imprisoned for his religious expression.
On January 15, 2020, police in South Sulawesi arrested and charged Tau, the head of the Organization for Implementing the Mandate…
Doni Irawan Malay is imprisoned for blasphemy.
On August 4, 2020, a court in Medan sentenced Malay to three years in prison for “insulting a religion" or "preventing a person from adhering…
Muhammad Kece is imprisoned for his religious expression.
On August 24, 2021, authorities arrested Kece, a preacher, at his friend’s home in Bali after accusing him of posting videos on…
Apollinaris Darmawan was imprisoned for his religious expression.
In August 2020, Bandung police arrested Darmawan after he was accused of insulting the Prophet Muhammad and Islam on social…
Qaiser Zada is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Zada after Zada was accused of burning a copy of the Qur'an and beaten by a mob. Authorities charged Zada…
Asif Fareed is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Fareed and his brother, Abdullah Fareed, after they were accused of burning pieces of the Qur'an and…
Abdullah Fareed is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2021, authorities arrested Fareed and his brother, Asif Fareed, after they were accused of burning pieces of the Qur'an and…
Farid Zirgi Moghaddam is imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
In August 2019, intelligence agents detained Moghaddam in Birjand reportedly in relation to posts he made about…
Noushin Jafari was imprisoned for blasphemy.
In August 2019, authorities arrested Jafari, a photojournalist and culture reporter, after accusing her of running a Twitter account that…
Yusef Mehrdad was imprisoned and executed on blasphemy-related charges.
In May 2020, authorities arrested Mehrdad from his home in Ardabil after accusing him and others of being a member of…
Seyyed Sadrullah Fazeli Zare was imprisoned and executed on blasphemy-related charges.
In May 2020, authorities arrested Zare after accusing him and others of being a member of a Telegram…
Abdulrahman Al-Sadhan is imprisoned for his religious expression.
In March 2018, security agents from the Presidency of State Security arrested Al-Sadhan for operating two anonymous…
Mohammed Zubair was detained for his expression about religion and in relation to his reporting on religious freedom conditions.
On June 27, 2022, Delhi police arrested Zubair, co-founder…
Ashok Kumar is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In August 2022, police in Hyderabad arrested Kumar, a sanitation worker, after he was accused of burning a Qur'an. A first information report (…
Shamkhal Eyvazov was detained for his religious activity.
In April 2018, customs officials arrested Eyvazov, a member of the Muslim Unity Movement (MUM), and his brother, Migdad Eyvazov,…
Cepdika Eka Rismana is imprisoned for blasphemy.
On May 5, 2022, police in West Java province arrested Rismana after a video of him stepping on a Qur'an went viral. Authorities…
Zhang Chenghao was imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
On November 21, 2021, authorities from Fenyang city, Luliang municipality, Shanxi province, reportedly detained Zhang,…
An Yankui was imprisoned for his religious belief and activity.
On November 21, 2021, authorities from Fenyang city, Luliang municipality, Shanxi province, reportedly detained An, a…
Gratia Pello was imprisoned for his religious expression.
In December 2022, authorities in Surabaya, East Java, reportedly arrested Pello, a professor at a Christian theological school…
Ishtiaq Saleem is detained for alleged blasphemy.
In November 2022, authorities in Islamabad arrested Saleem after he was accused of sharing content deemed blasphemous on social media.…
Anwar Kenneth was imprisoned and sentenced to death for blasphemy.
In 2001, authorities reportedly arrested Kenneth after he was accused of writing letters perceived as blasphemous towards…
Alijon Mirganiyev is imprisoned for his religious activities.
On June 22, 2022, authorities detained Mirganiyev at Tashkent Airport and accused him of participating in a banned "…
Nathasha Edirisooriya was detained for blasphemy.
On May 27, 2023, police arrested and detained Edirisooriya after receiving a complaint that she made jokes insulting to Buddhism and…
Kakadjan Halbaev is imprisoned for his religious activity.
In February 2018, authorities detained Halbaev, a former student who had studied in Russia, and charged him with "petty hooliganism…
Kemal Saparov is imprisoned for his religious activity.
In January 2018, authorities in Ashgabat detained Saparov, a student who was studying abroad in Russia, for alleged disorderly conduct…
Raja Amir was detained for blasphemy.
In August 2023, police arrested Amir after rumors circulated alleging that he and his brother tore pages from a Quran and wrote derogatory comments on…
Nikita Zhuravel is imprisoned for blasphemy.
On May 20, 2023, authorities in the Volgograd region arrested 19-year-old Zhuravel after he allegedly posted a video online of himself burning…
Konchog Dragpa is detained in relation to his religious activity.
On or around October 29, 2023, authorities in Thewo (Diebu) county, Kanlho (Gannan) Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu…
Sonam Gyatso is detained for their religious activity.
On December 18, 2022, security officials in Rikaze (Shigatse) municipality, Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), detained three Tibetans,…
Gonkyab is detained for their religious activity.
On December 18, 2022, security officials in Rikaze (Shigatse) municipality, Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), detained three Tibetans,…
Dradul is detained for his religious activity.
On December 18, 2022, security officials in Rikaze (Shigatse) municipality, Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), detained three Tibetans, including…
Lina Lutfiawati is imprisoned for her religious expression.
In May 2023, police charged Lutfiawati with "disseminating information aimed at inflicting hatred or dissension on individuals and…
Fitsum-Berhan Gebrenegus is detained for his religious activity and leadership role.
In November 2004, Eritrean police authorities arrested Gebrenegus, an Eritrean Orthodox priest at the…
Tekleab Mengisteab is detained for his religious activity and leadership role.
In November 2004, Eritrean police authorities arrested Mengisteab, an Eritrean Orthodox priest at the Mekane…
Ashfaque Ali is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In January 2025, Judge Tariq Ayub sentenced Ali to death for posting content deemed blasphemous on social media…
Rana Usman is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In January 2025, Judge Tariq Ayub sentenced Usman to death for posting content deemed blasphemous on social media…
Salman Sajjad is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In January 2025, Judge Tariq Ayub sentenced Sajjad to death for posting content deemed blasphemous on social media…
Wajid Ali is imprisoned and sentenced to death for alleged blasphemy.
In January 2025, Judge Tariq Ayub sentenced Ali to death for posting content deemed blasphemous on social media and…